Tobacco is classified in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) as a true addiction. The essential manifestation of addiction is a set of cognitive symptoms, behavioral and physiological indicative of the fact that the subject continues to make use of the substance, even if it is harmful or dangerous.
The smoker, as in any other form of addiction (to alcohol / drug abuse etc), you are injecting the substance in repeatedly despite awareness of its harm or in some cases the suffering caused by physical illness, addiction is different in tolerance, withdrawal, and compulsive behavior recruitment of substance abuse.
1. Tolerance is defined as the need for increasingly higher doses of nicotine to achieve the desired effect and the decreasing effect with continued use of the same quantity of the substance (a heavy smoker will need more cigarettes to achieve the same effect of a novice smoker, just as those who have just started to smoke even one cigarette is enough to feel the effects of substantially nicotine poisoning), in particular, tolerance to nicotine is manifested by the absence of nausea, dizziness and other symptoms despite the use of large quantities of cigarettes;
2. Abstinence is characterized by the appearance of a specific syndrome when you suspend the intake of nicotine, so that the same substance shall be taken to mitigate its symptoms, withdrawal symptoms occur most often in the morning upon awakening , for which he feels impelled to smoke or after being in environments where no smoking was allowed;
3. The compulsive behavior is characterized by a series of unsuccessful attempts to reduce or control the use of cigarettes. It may also occur the interruption of important work activities, social or recreational activities if the subject decides to quit because they do not give opportunities to smoke.
Moreover, the subject suffers from smoking addiction may smoke at certain periods of his life in larger amounts or for a longer period than originally intended: the smokers are very familiar phrases like “this is the last cigarette of the day,” or “From tomorrow I smoke only five” intentions destined to remain systematically rejected. Because of the compulsive behavior that is very difficult to reduce or eliminate the use of cigarettes is the so called phenomenon of “craving”, with which it shows the strong urge to use the substance and the subjective perception of a desire felt as uncontrollable dominant.
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